Roof granules are small ceramic-coated particles embedded into the surface of asphalt shingles. Their main purposes include:
UV protection: Granules shield the asphalt layer from the sun’s ultraviolet rays, which can cause cracking and brittleness.
Aesthetic appeal: Granules give shingles their color and texture, adding to a home’s curb appeal.
Fire resistance: Many granules are treated to improve fire resistance, adding another layer of protection.
When granules begin to fall off, the underlying asphalt becomes exposed. Once that happens, the shingles can dry out, crack, and deteriorate — accelerating roof aging and increasing the risk of leaks.
Granular loss can happen for several reasons. Some are part of a roof’s natural aging process, while others signal potential problems.
Every roof experiences some level of natural wear and tear. Over years of exposure to sun, rain, wind, and temperature changes, the adhesive bond between granules and asphalt gradually weakens. Occasional granules in your gutters or at the base of downspouts are typically nothing to worry about — especially if your roof is older.
Hail, high winds, and debris impact are major contributors to sudden granular loss. When hailstones strike, they can physically knock granules loose or crush the shingle surface. Similarly, wind-driven debris like branches can scrape shingles and remove granules. After a major storm, it’s always a good idea to have your roof inspected — even if you don’t see obvious leaks.
Occasionally, shingles may shed granules prematurely due to manufacturing defects. If the asphalt coating wasn’t properly cured or granules weren’t fully embedded, they can loosen sooner than expected. Improper installation — such as overdriven nails or poor ventilation — can also accelerate deterioration by increasing heat buildup or stress on the shingle surface.
In colder climates, ice dams can form along the roof’s edge, causing water to back up under shingles. The freeze-thaw cycle can loosen granules, especially near the eaves. Similarly, excessive moisture from clogged gutters or poor attic ventilation can degrade the asphalt base and contribute to granular loss.
There are a few telltale signs homeowners can look for:
Granules in gutters or downspouts: A small amount is normal, but piles of granules could signal aging shingles.
Bald spots on shingles: If you notice smooth, shiny areas where granules are missing, those shingles are losing protection.
Uneven color patches on the roof: As granules wash away, exposed asphalt can appear darker or discolored.
Increased roof temperature inside the attic: Exposed asphalt absorbs more heat, which can lead to higher attic temperatures.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to schedule a roof inspection with your local roofing professionals at American Capital Roofing & Construction!
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